IELTS Free Online Writing Practice - The impact of plastic pollution on marine ecosystems.
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IELTS Writing Task 2 Topic: The impact of plastic pollution on marine ecosystems.
Model Answer:
In recent years, plastic pollution has emerged as one of the most pressing environmental challenges, particularly in relation to its harmful effects on marine ecosystems. This essay will discuss the causes and consequences of this issue, focusing on the devastating impacts it has on marine life, habitats, and human societies.
Firstly, the excessive production and use of plastics have led to an exponential increase in plastic waste that inevitably finds its way into our oceans. With the global annual production of plastics estimated at around 300 million tons, the sheer volume of this material has overwhelmed marine ecosystems' natural ability to break it down and dispose of it properly. This situation is exacerbated by the fact that plastic takes hundreds of years to decompose, if ever, allowing it to accumulate in the environment over time.
The consequences of plastic pollution on marine life are manifold. One of the most visible effects is the entanglement and ingestion of plastics by marine species. Turtles, for instance, are notoriously prone to ingesting plastic bags mistaking them for jellyfish, which can lead to severe injury or even death. Moreover, plastics pose a significant threat to seabirds, who often mistake floating debris for food, leading to starvation and a decline in their populations.
Furthermore, the introduction of plastic waste into marine ecosystems disrupts habitats and alters ecological processes. Microplastics, small fragments of plastic less than five millimeters in size, have been found to contaminate various oceanic strata, from surface waters to the deep sea. These microplastics act as vectors for toxic substances, posing a threat not only to marine life but also to human health, given that many species of fish and shellfish are affected by this pollution.
The implications of plastic pollution on human societies cannot be understated either. Fishing industries face the challenge of coping with declining stocks due to the adverse effects of plastics on marine life. Moreover, tourism, an essential economic sector for coastal communities worldwide, is directly impacted by the visual blight and ecological disruption caused by plastic pollution in our oceans.
In conclusion, the consequences of plastic pollution on marine ecosystems are far-reaching, encompassing threats to marine life, habitats, and human societies. A concerted effort from governments, industries, and individuals is required to mitigate this crisis through policies aimed at reducing plastic consumption, promoting recycling, and investing in innovative solutions for managing plastic waste responsibly.
Band Score:
8.5/
9 (Coherence and Cohesion:
9; Lexical Resource:
8; Grammatical Range and Accuracy:
8; Spelling and Punctuation:
9)
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