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IELTS Free Online Writing Practice - The role of agriculture in contributing to environmental degradation

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Task 2 Topic: The role of agriculture in contributing to environmental degradation

Model Answer:

In recent years, the role of agriculture in contributing to environmental degradation has become a matter of increasing concern. This essay will discuss how factors such as deforestation, excessive use of fertilizers and pesticides, and intensive farming practices are all contributing to this degradation. Despite these negative impacts, it is important to recognize that sustainable agricultural practices can help mitigate the environmental damage caused by agriculture.

One of the primary causes of environmental degradation in agriculture is deforestation. Deforestation is the process of clearing large areas of forests for farming purposes, which leads to loss of biodiversity and soil erosion. Additionally, it contributes to climate change as trees play a crucial role in absorbing carbon dioxide from the atmosphere. Moreover, when forests are cleared, their role as carbon sinks is lost, exacerbating global warming.

Another significant factor contributing to environmental degradation is the excessive use of fertilizers and pesticides. The overuse of these chemicals can lead to soil contamination, water pollution, and loss of biodiversity. For instance, when fertilizers and pesticides run off into rivers and streams, they can harm aquatic ecosystems and affect the health of both humans and animals who consume the contaminated water or food.

Furthermore, intensive farming practices, such as monoculture and overgrazing, have severe environmental consequences. Monoculture involves growing a single crop in large quantities, which reduces soil fertility and biodiversity. Overgrazing, on the other hand, leads to degraded pastureland, loss of vegetation cover, and soil erosion. Both practices can contribute to desertification and loss of topsoil, ultimately affecting agricultural productivity and food security.

However, it is important to note that sustainable agricultural practices can help mitigate these negative impacts. For example, agroforestry – the integration of trees with crops or livestock – can help prevent soil erosion, increase biodiversity, and improve carbon sequestration. Additionally, crop rotation and organic farming can reduce the need for synthetic fertilizers and pesticides, thereby minimizing their harmful effects on the environment.

In conclusion, agriculture plays a significant role in contributing to environmental degradation through deforestation, excessive use of fertilizers and pesticides, and intensive farming practices. However, adopting sustainable agricultural methods can help mitigate these negative impacts and protect our precious ecosystems for future generations.

Band Score: Band 9 - The candidate demonstrates a high level of competence in all areas, with only minor errors or limitations that may not adversely affect overall comprehension.

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