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Part 1 Questions:

1. Where are you from?
2. What do you do there?
3. Have you ever visited any other countries? Which one and when did you go there?
4. What kind of music do you like? Why do you like it?
5. How often do you watch movies or television programs? Which is your favorite movie/program and why?
6. Do you like to read books? What kind of books do you prefer?
7. What are the advantages and disadvantages of living in a big city?
8. What is the most important thing for you when choosing a place to live? Why?
9. What do you think about environmental issues such as air pollution, water pollution, and waste management? How can we protect the environment better?
10. Some people prefer to live a simple life, while others like luxury. Which one do you prefer and why?

Part 2 (Cue Card):

Topic: Talk about a memorable event you attended in an unfamiliar setting.

- What was the event and where did it take place?
- Why was the event memorable for you?
- What challenges did you face while attending this event in an unfamiliar setting? How did you overcome them?
- How did this event change your perspective on new experiences or cultural practices?
- Would you attend a similar event in the future, and why or why not?

Part 3 Questions:

1. In what ways do people from different cultures celebrate important events or holidays differently?
2. How can exposure to different cultures help us become more open-minded individuals?
3. What are some ways that festivals or cultural events can contribute to a city's tourism industry?
4. Do you think it is essential for young people to learn about other cultures and traditions? Why or why not?
5. How important do you think it is for governments to promote multiculturalism in their societies?
6. In what ways can we, as individuals, contribute to promoting cultural understanding and acceptance among different groups of people?
7. Can you give an example of a recent event where there was a cultural clash or misunderstanding between two cultures? How could this situation have been prevented or resolved better?

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Task 2 Topic: The role of agroforestry in sustainable land management

Model Answer:
In recent years, the world has been facing severe environmental challenges such as deforestation, soil degradation and loss of biodiversity, which have raised concerns about the sustainability of current agricultural practices. One potential solution to these issues is agroforestry, a land use management system that integrates trees into crop and livestock farming systems. This essay will discuss the importance of agroforestry in sustainable land management, focusing on its benefits for the environment, biodiversity and local communities.

The first and foremost benefit of agroforestry is its contribution to environmental conservation. By intercropping trees with crops and integrating them into farming systems, agroforestry helps preserve the soil's fertility and structure, preventing soil erosion and degradation. Additionally, it promotes water retention in the soil, reducing the risk of flooding and drought. Furthermore, agroforestry systems act as carbon sinks, absorbing atmospheric CO2 and mitigating climate change.

Another significant advantage of agroforestry is its impact on biodiversity. The integration of trees into agricultural landscapes creates a more diverse ecosystem, providing habitats for a wide range of species, including birds, insects and mammals. This promotes the natural balance of the ecosystem and enhances the resilience of the system to pests, diseases and other environmental stresses. Moreover, agroforestry systems can provide essential resources like timber, fruit, nuts and non-timber forest products, ensuring a sustainable livelihood for farmers and local communities.

Lastly, agroforestry offers numerous socio-economic benefits. It has the potential to improve the livelihoods of smallholder farmers by diversifying their income sources. For example, they can sell fruits, nuts, timber or non-timber forest products as supplementary income. Additionally, agroforestry practices can increase agricultural productivity and resilience, reducing farmers' vulnerability to climate change and market fluctuations. Lastly, these systems often promote social cohesion by fostering collaboration between farmers and the sharing of knowledge and resources.

In conclusion, agroforestry is a vital tool for sustainable land management due to its environmental benefits, contribution to biodiversity, and socio-economic advantages. Its widespread adoption could help combat the adverse effects of unsustainable agricultural practices and contribute significantly to global efforts in combating climate change and preserving natural resources.

Task 2 Scoring:
Overall: Band 9.0
Coherence and Cohesion: Band 5.0 (The essay is well-structured, with clear topic sentences, but the transitions between ideas could be improved.)
Lexical Resource: Band 6.0 (The vocabulary used is generally appropriate and precise, but there are some less common synonyms that would enhance the text's sophistication.)
Grammatical Range & Accuracy: Band 7.0 (There are only a few grammar errors, but they slightly affect the clarity of the text.)
Presentation of Ideas: Band 9.0 (The essay effectively discusses the importance of agroforestry in sustainable land management and provides well-reasoned arguments to support its claims.)

Overall Band Score: 7.5

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